The NDA Exam Syllabus 2026 is released by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) along with the official notification for NDA 1 and NDA 2 examinations. Candidates aspiring to join the National Defence Academy (NDA) must carefully go through the latest nda exam syllabus to get a clear understanding of the subjects and topics included in the written examination.
The NDA exam syllabus 2026 is broadly divided into two sections: Mathematics and the General Ability Test (GAT). Both papers consist of objective-type questions and are designed to test a candidate’s academic knowledge, logical ability, and general awareness. To perform well in the NDA exam 2026, it is equally important for candidates to be familiar with the latest NDA exam pattern and marking scheme, as this helps in understanding the paper structure and section-wise weightage.
In this article, we have provided the complete NDA exam syllabus 2026 in both English and Hindi, along with detailed information on the exam pattern, marking scheme, subject-wise marks distribution, and the best books for effective NDA preparation.
NDA Exam Syllabus 2026
To prepare effectively for the examination, candidates must have a clear and detailed understanding of the NDA syllabus 2026. A well-structured study plan always begins with knowing the complete syllabus, as it helps aspirants focus only on relevant topics and avoid unnecessary preparation. Special attention should be given to important sections such as the NDA Physics syllabus and NDA History syllabus, which form a significant part of the General Ability Test (GAT) paper.
Having in-depth knowledge of the NDA exam syllabus enables candidates to identify high-weightage topics and commonly asked sub-topics in the examination. This approach not only improves accuracy but also boosts confidence during preparation. Therefore, candidates are strongly advised to begin their preparation with a thorough understanding of the NDA 1 syllabus 2026, ensuring their studies remain exam-oriented and aligned with UPSC standards.
For the convenience of aspirants, the detailed NDA exam syllabus 2026 is available for download in both English and Hindi, making it easier to revise and plan preparation anytime.
NDA exam Syllabus 2026
| Particulars | Details |
|---|---|
| Exam Name | National Defence Academy & Naval Academy Examination, 2026 |
| Conducting Authority | Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) |
| Exam Frequency | Twice a Year |
| Exam Mode | Offline (Pen & Paper Based) |
| Papers / Subjects | Mathematics and General Ability Test (GAT) |
| Total Marks | 900 Marks |
| Negative Marking | 1/3rd Marks Deducted for Each Wrong Answer |
| Duration of Each Paper | 2 Hours 30 Minutes (Each Paper) |
| Official Website | upsc.gov.in |
NDA 2026 Important Topics (Subject-Wise)
The NDA 2026 important topics play a key role in helping candidates prepare strategically for the National Defence Academy Examination. To score well in the NDA written exam, aspirants must focus on the most important and frequently asked topics from the NDA exam syllabus 2026. These topics are mainly covered under Mathematics and the General Ability Test (GAT), which includes English, Science, History, Geography, and Current Affairs.
A clear understanding of these high-weightage topics helps candidates prioritize their preparation, manage time efficiently, and improve overall performance in the exam. Below is the subject-wise table of NDA important topics 2026, designed to make your preparation more focused and exam-oriented.
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NDA 2026 Important Topics – Subject Wise Table
| Subjects | Important Topics |
|---|---|
| Mathematics | Algebra, Matrices and Determinants, Trigonometry, Analytical Geometry (2D & 3D), Differential Calculus, Integral Calculus and Differential Equations, Vector Algebra, Statistics and Probability, Set Theory, Complex Numbers, Linear and Quadratic Equations, Arithmetic & Geometric Progressions, Binomial Theorem, Logarithms, Mensuration |
| English (GAT) | Grammar and Usage, Vocabulary, Reading Comprehension & Unseen Passages, Spotting Errors, Fill in the Blanks, Synonyms & Antonyms, Idioms and Phrases, Sentence Improvement, Para Jumbles, Cloze Test |
| Physics (GAT – NDA Physics Syllabus) | Physical Properties and States of Matter, Motion and Laws of Motion, Force and Gravitation, Work, Energy and Power, Sound Waves, Heat and Thermodynamics, Light (Reflection & Refraction), Optics, Electricity and Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction, Nuclear and Modern Physics, Units and Measurements, Simple Machines, Principles of Archimedes and Pascal |
| Chemistry (GAT) | Matter and Its States, Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures, Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases and Salts, Periodic Table, Metals and Non-Metals, Carbon and Its Compounds, Fertilizers, Petroleum and Natural Gas, Environmental Chemistry, Chemicals Used in Daily Life |
| General Science (GAT) | Basic Biology, Human Body Systems (Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory), Reproduction and Genetics, Food and Nutrition, Diseases and Prevention, Immunity, Ecology and Environment, Biodiversity, Plant and Animal Kingdom, Cell Structure and Functions, Basics of Biotechnology |
| History (GAT – NDA History Syllabus) | Ancient, Medieval and Modern Indian History, Indian Freedom Struggle, Revolt of 1857, Indian National Congress, Important Movements and Leaders, Constitution of India, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Governance Structure, Indian Culture and Monuments, World History (Renaissance, French Revolution, Industrial Revolution, World Wars) |
| Geography (GAT) | Earth and Its Structure, Rocks and Minerals, Mountains, Rivers and Lakes, Climate and Weather, Soil Types of India, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture and Industries, Major Sea Ports and Airports, Latitudes and Longitudes, Time Zones, Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Oceans and Continents, Environmental Issues, Population and Urbanization |
| Current Affairs (GAT) | National and International Events, Defence Exercises and Agreements, Government Schemes, Awards and Honours, Important Personalities, Science and Technology Updates, Sports, Economy and Finance, Environmental Issues, Space and Defence Technology (ISRO, DRDO), International Organizations (UN, WHO, IMF, World Bank) |
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NDA Exam Pattern 2026
The NDA Exam Pattern 2026 is officially prescribed by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) along with the NDA notification. Candidates aiming to join the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force through the National Defence Academy (NDA) must clearly understand the latest NDA exam pattern before starting their preparation. Knowing the exam structure, number of questions, marking scheme, and duration helps aspirants plan their strategy effectively and avoid unnecessary mistakes in the exam.
Below is the detailed NDA Exam Pattern 2025 for the written examination and SSB Interview.
NDA Exam Pattern 2025 for Mathematics & GAT
| Subject | Mathematics | General Ability Test (GAT) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Number of Questions | 120 | 150 |
| Maximum Marks | 300 | 600 |
| Marks for Correct Answer | 2.5 Marks | 4 Marks |
| Marks for Incorrect Answer | –0.83 Mark | –1.33 Marks |
| Duration | 2.5 Hours | 2.5 Hours |
NDA Exam Pattern 2026 for SSB Test / Interview
| Subject | Total Marks |
|---|---|
| SSB Test / Interview | 900 Marks |
Candidates who qualify the written examination are called for the SSB Interview, which tests personality, intelligence, and officer-like qualities.
NDA exam syllabus 2026 for Mathematics
Candidates must thoroughly cover the NDA syllabus for Mathematics, as this paper plays a crucial role in qualifying the written exam. The Mathematics paper tests conceptual clarity, problem-solving ability, and speed. Below is the topic-wise NDA Maths syllabus 2026 as prescribed by UPSC.
NDA Syllabus 2026 for Mathematics – Topic Wise
| Subject | UPSC NDA Maths Syllabus 2025 |
|---|---|
| Algebra | Concept of sets and operations on sets, Venn diagrams, De Morgan’s laws, Cartesian product, relations and equivalence relations, real numbers on a number line, complex numbers (modulus, argument, cube roots of unity), binary number system and conversions, Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic Progressions, quadratic equations with real coefficients, linear inequalities in two variables, permutation and combination, binomial theorem and applications, logarithms and their applications |
| Matrices and Determinants | Types of matrices, operations on matrices, determinants and their properties, adjoint and inverse of a matrix, solution of linear equations using Cramer’s rule and Matrix method |
| Trigonometry | Angles and their measures, trigonometric ratios and identities, sum and difference formulae, multiple and sub-multiple angles, inverse trigonometric functions, height and distance problems, properties of triangles |
| Analytical Geometry (2D & 3D) | Cartesian coordinate system, distance formula, equation of a line in different forms, angle between lines, distance of a point from a line, equation of circle, parabola, ellipse and hyperbola, conic sections, three-dimensional geometry, direction cosines and ratios, equation of plane and sphere, angle between planes |
| Differential Calculus | Functions (domain, range, graphs), composite and inverse functions, limits and continuity, derivatives and their geometrical interpretation, rules of differentiation, second-order derivatives, increasing and decreasing functions, maxima and minima |
| Integral Calculus & Differential Equations | Integration as inverse of differentiation, integration by substitution and by parts, standard integrals, definite integrals and area under curves, differential equations (order and degree), general and particular solutions, first-order differential equations, applications in growth and decay |
| Vector Algebra | Vectors in two and three dimensions, magnitude and direction, unit and null vectors, addition and scalar multiplication, dot and cross product, applications in work done and geometrical problems |
| Statistics and Probability | Classification and representation of data, mean, median and mode, variance and standard deviation, correlation and regression, probability concepts, events and sample space, conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem, random variables, binomial distribution |
Also Read – NDA Previous Year Question Papers PDF Download
NDA exam syllabus for General Ability Test (GAT)
The NDA exam syllabus for General Ability Test (GAT) is an important part of the NDA written examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). The GAT paper is designed to evaluate a candidate’s overall awareness, language skills, and understanding of basic science and social studies. It includes questions from English, Physics, Chemistry, General Science, History, Geography, and Current Events.
To score well in the GAT paper, candidates must focus on concept clarity and regular revision of important topics. Below is the subject-wise NDA GAT syllabus 2026, presented in an easy-to-understand table format for better preparation.
NDA GAT Syllabus 2026 – Subject Wise Table
| Subject | NDA Important Topics |
|---|---|
| English | Spotting Errors, Reading Comprehension, Selecting Appropriate Words, Synonyms and Antonyms, Sentence Improvement, Ordering of Words in a Sentence, Grammar Usage, Vocabulary-based Questions |
| Physics | Physical properties and states of matter, Mass, Weight, Volume, Density and Specific Gravity, Principle of Archimedes, Pressure and Barometer, Motion, Velocity and Acceleration, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Force and Momentum, Work, Power and Energy, Heat and Temperature, Change of State and Latent Heat, Modes of Heat Transfer, Sound Waves, Light (Reflection and Refraction), Spherical Mirrors and Lenses, Human Eye, Magnetism, Earth as a Magnet, Static and Current Electricity, Ohm’s Law, Electrical Circuits, Electrical Power, Primary and Secondary Cells, X-Rays, Working principles of common instruments (Pendulum, Pulley, Siphon, Pumps, Pressure Cooker, Thermos Flask, Telephone, Periscope, Telescope, Microscope, Compass, Lightning Conductors, Safety Fuses) |
| Chemistry | Physical and Chemical Changes, Elements, Mixtures and Compounds, Symbols and Formulae, Chemical Equations, Laws of Chemical Combination (theoretical), Properties of Air and Water, Preparation and Properties of Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide, Oxidation and Reduction, Acids, Bases and Salts, Carbon and its Forms, Natural and Artificial Fertilizers, Materials used in Soap, Glass, Cement, Paints, Paper, Ink, Safety Matches and Gunpowder, Basic Atomic Structure, Atomic and Molecular Weights, Valency |
| General Science | Living and Non-living Things, Cells, Protoplasm and Tissues, Growth and Reproduction in Plants and Animals, Human Body and Vital Organs, Common Diseases and Prevention, Food and Nutrition, Balanced Diet, Solar System, Meteors, Comets, Eclipses, Contributions of Eminent Scientists |
| History & Freedom Movement | Indian History with focus on Culture and Civilization, Indian Freedom Movement, Indian Constitution and Administration, Five-Year Plans, Panchayati Raj, Co-operatives and Community Development, Bhoodan and Sarvodaya Movements, National Integration, Welfare State, Teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, World History events such as Renaissance, American War of Independence, French Revolution, Industrial Revolution, Russian Revolution, Impact of Science and Technology, United Nations, Panchsheel, Democracy, Socialism and Communism, India’s role in the modern world |
| Geography | Earth’s Shape and Size, Latitudes and Longitudes, Time and International Date Line, Movements of Earth, Origin of Earth, Rocks and their Classification, Weathering, Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Ocean Currents and Tides, Atmosphere and its Composition, Temperature and Pressure, Winds, Cyclones and Anti-cyclones, Humidity and Rainfall, Types of Climate, Natural Regions of the World, Indian Geography (Climate, Natural Vegetation, Minerals, Power Resources), Agriculture and Industries, Major Sea Ports, Trade Routes, Imports and Exports of India |
| Current Events | Important National Events, Major International Developments, Current World Affairs, Prominent Indian and International Personalities, Cultural Activities, Sports-related Events |
UPSC NDA Syllabus 2026 for Intelligence and Personality Test (SSB)
The UPSC NDA Exam Syllabus 2026 for the Intelligence and Personality Test is conducted as part of the Services Selection Board (SSB) process. Candidates who qualify the NDA written examination are called for the SSB, which is designed to assess a candidate’s personality, intelligence, leadership qualities, and suitability for a career in the armed forces. Unlike the written exam, the SSB does not follow a traditional academic syllabus; instead, it focuses on evaluating Officer Like Qualities (OLQs) through a series of structured tests and activities.
The SSB selection process is conducted in two stages – Stage I and Stage II, as detailed below.
NDA Exam Syllabus 2026 for SSB – Stage Wise Table
| Stage | Important Topics / Tests |
|---|---|
| Stage I | Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) Tests, Picture Perception and Description Test (PP&DT) |
| Stage II | Personal Interview, Group Testing Officer (GTO) Tasks, Psychological Tests, Conference |
Details of SSB Stages
- Stage I (Screening Test):
This stage includes OIR Tests to assess logical reasoning and basic intelligence, along with the PP&DT, where candidates evaluate a picture, create a story, and participate in group discussion. - Stage II (Assessment Stage):
Candidates who clear Stage I appear for Stage II, which includes a Personal Interview, various GTO Tasks (group discussions, outdoor tasks, leadership activities), Psychological Tests (TAT, WAT, SRT, SD), and the Conference, where final assessment and recommendations are made.
A clear understanding of the UPSC NDA Exam Syllabus 2026 for SSB helps candidates mentally prepare for the selection process and develop the required personality traits to succeed in the Intelligence and Personality Test.
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NDA Exam Syllabus 2026
The NDA Exam Syllabus 2026 is released every year by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) along with the official notification for the NDA 1 and NDA 2 examinations. All candidates preparing for the National Defence Academy (NDA) exam must carefully go through the NDA Exam Syllabus to clearly understand the subjects and topics covered in the written examination.
The NDA exam syllabus is divided into two main sections: Mathematics and the General Ability Test (GAT). The written examination consists of objective-type (MCQ) questions only. To succeed in the NDA examination, candidates must also be familiar with the NDA exam pattern and marking scheme, as this helps in understanding the paper structure and the weightage of each section.
Tips to Cover NDA Syllabus 2026 (10 Effective Preparation Tips)
Preparing for the NDA exam syllabus requires a smart strategy, disciplined study routine, and a clear understanding of the syllabus and exam pattern. Below are 10 practical and expert-recommended tips to help you cover the NDA exam syllabus 2026 effectively and improve your chances of success.
1. Understand the Complete NDA Exam Syllabus 2026
Carefully go through the official NDA syllabus for Mathematics and General Ability Test (GAT). Make a list of all topics included in the NDA Maths syllabus, NDA Physics syllabus, NDA History syllabus, and other GAT subjects like English, Geography, and Current Affairs.
2. Follow the NDA Exam Pattern 2026
Understand the number of questions, total marks, exam duration, and negative marking scheme. This will help you plan your preparation according to the weightage of each subject.
3. Make a Realistic and Timetable-Based Study Plan
Create a daily and weekly study schedule that covers all subjects in the NDA syllabus. Allocate more time to difficult topics and ensure regular revision of easier sections.
4. Focus Strongly on NDA Mathematics Syllabus
Mathematics plays a crucial role in clearing the written exam. Cover important topics like Algebra, Calculus, Trigonometry, Matrices, Statistics, and Probability. Practice numerical problems daily to improve speed and accuracy.
5. Prepare NDA Physics and Science Concepts Clearly
Focus on conceptual understanding of topics such as Laws of Motion, Thermodynamics, Electricity, Magnetism, and Modern Physics. Use NCERT books for Chemistry and Biology included in the NDA Science syllabus.
6. Revise NDA History Syllabus and GAT Subjects Regularly
Study Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Indian History, the Indian Freedom Struggle, and the Constitution of India. Prepare Geography, Polity, Economics, and Current Affairs thoroughly from the GAT section.
7. Strengthen English Language Skills
Work on grammar, vocabulary, comprehension, sentence correction, and usage. Regular reading of newspapers and practice of English questions will improve performance in the English section.
8. Stay Updated with Current Affairs
Keep track of national and international events, defence-related news, sports, awards, and important personalities. Make short notes for quick revision before the exam.
9. Practice with Previous Year Question Papers
Solve NDA previous year papers to understand the exam pattern, difficulty level, and frequently asked topics. This also helps in identifying your weak areas.
10. Attempt Mock Tests and Analyze Performance
Take regular mock tests to improve time management, accuracy, and exam temperament. Analyze each test carefully and work on mistakes to improve overall performance.
Following these 10 tips to cover the NDA exam syllabus 2026 will help you stay focused, confident, and well-prepared for the NDA written examination.
Also Read – SSC MTS Admit Card 2026: Release Date, Download Link @ ssc.gov.in
Conclusion
The NDA Exam Syllabus is the foundation for effective preparation for the National Defence Academy examination. A clear understanding of the NDA exam pattern, subject-wise syllabus, important topics, and marking scheme helps candidates plan their studies in a focused and disciplined manner. By following the right preparation strategy, covering the complete syllabus, practicing previous year papers, and attempting mock tests regularly, aspirants can significantly improve their chances of success.
Candidates are advised to download the latest NDA exam syllabus 2026 PDF, follow a structured study plan, and stay consistent with revision. With dedication, smart preparation, and the right resources, cracking the NDA exam and achieving the dream of serving the nation becomes achievable.
FAQs – NDA Exam Syllabus 2026
Q1. What is the structure of the NDA exam syllabus 2026?
The NDA exam syllabus 2026 is divided into two main papers: Mathematics and the General Ability Test (GAT). The GAT paper includes subjects such as English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, Polity, and Current Affairs.
Q2. How many papers are there in the NDA written examination?
The NDA written exam consists of two papers – Mathematics (300 marks) and General Ability Test (600 marks), making a total of 900 marks.
Q3. Is negative marking applicable in the NDA exam 2026?
Yes, negative marking is applicable in the NDA exam. 0.83 marks are deducted for each incorrect answer in Mathematics, while 1.33 marks are deducted for every wrong answer in the GAT paper.
Q4. Which topics are most important in the NDA Mathematics syllabus 2026?
Important topics in the NDA Maths syllabus 2026 include Algebra, Matrices and Determinants, Trigonometry, Analytical Geometry (2D & 3D), Differential and Integral Calculus, Statistics, and Probability.
Q5. What subjects are covered under the NDA General Ability Test (GAT)?
The GAT paper covers English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, Polity, and Current Affairs, aiming to test a candidate’s general awareness and language skills.
Q6. Does the NDA syllabus include Current Affairs and General Knowledge?
Yes, Current Affairs and General Knowledge are an important part of the GAT section, including national and international events, defence-related news, sports, awards, and important personalities.
Q7. Is the NDA exam syllabus 2026 the same for NDA 1 and NDA 2 exams?
Yes, the NDA exam syllabus remains the same for both NDA 1 and NDA 2 examinations conducted in a year by UPSC.
